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An Efficient, Reliable and Cost-effective Train Collision
Prevention System
ACD Components
LOCO ACD
The Loco ACD is at the heart of the RAKSHA KAVACH™ system.
It is an onboard ACD installed in the locomotive along with
anti-vibration mounts. Loco ACD is equipped with two GPS Units
and communicates via wireless with all other ACDs within the
radial range of 3000m. Loco ACDs interface externally with
the Locomotive Braking Unit to facilitate application of brakes
using intelligent braking logic, whenever needed. When the
loco is negotiating at point zones, the track numbers get
automatically changed through the in-built DCT™ algorithm.
Loco ACD taps the input signaling system from the existing
speedometer pulse generator to compute location data in predefined
GPS shadow zones. Each Loco ACD is provided with Audio-Visual
Console which is mounted on the Driver's pedestal for easy
access and visibility to the Driver which displays text messages
and audio sounds. It operates independently and does not interfere
with Loco engineers or drivers actions. Loco ACD also senses
the health of other ACD's along the route and couriers messages
to the next station ACD console. Twin 'SOS' buttons on drivers
console helps drivers to stop other train(s), in addition
his own train in case danger is perceived by driver during
train operations, within a radial range of 3000m.
GUARD ACD
Guard ACDs are installed in the Guard Cabin and are equipped
with a GPS unit and radio modem for wireless communication
with other ACDs. Guard ACD detects conditions such as Train
Parting, jumbling and train Fouling. Guard ACD communicates
the same to Loco ACD when it perceives emergency situations.Using
twin 'SOS' buttons the guard in emergencies can stop other
train(s), in addition his own train, in case any collision
is percieved within a radial range of 3000m.
STATION ACD
Station ACDs are installed in Station Master's cabin along
with an Audio-Visual Console. The Station ACDs interface externally
with inputs from Track Circuit and Point zones in Station
area to communicate track occupancy and point status to the
approaching train. Additionally, the Station ACD receives
health status of fixed ACDs via message couriering of Loco/Guard
ACDs and the same is displayed on the station master's console.
Using twin 'SOS' buttons on station master's console the staion
master in emergencies can stop train(s) within a radial distance
of 3000m.
LEVEL CROSSING ACD (MANNED/UNMANNED)
Level Crossing ACDs are provided at Manned and Unmanned Level
Crossing. They provide audio-visual train approach warnings
for road users, when a train is approaching it and is within
2000m. Manned Level Crossing Gate ACDs monitor the gate open
/ closed status with the help of Gate sensing switches and
communicate this status to the approaching train,which inturn
applies brakes to reduce the speed to a predetermined value
incase gate is detected as 'open'. It is possible to reduce
the train speed through appropriate sensors which can detect
obstructions at unmanned level crossings.
SENSOR BASED ACDs
Such ACDs are installed at locations that are prone to landslides,
mudslides and avalanches. Due to heavy rains in hilly areas,
landslides occur and fill the tracks with mud and boulders.
On occurrence of such events, these ACDs broadcast Emergency
condition to all Loco ACDs which are within a radius of 3000m.
These Locos regulate their speed thus reducing possibility
of impact with the obstructions on the track.
LOCO SHED ACD
Loco Shed ACDs are installed at loco maintenance sheds and
are used for monitoring the health status of Loco ACDs entering
and leaving the Loco Shed and for downloading loco data.
ACD REPEATER
ACD Repeaters are provided in radio communication shadow zones
to ensure the inter ACD radio communication range of atleast
3000m and repeaters may be used in tandem.
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